How would you describe the physical appearance or colour of the metal before it is burned? State the type of chemical reaction and name the product formed in the reaction. We can write a general word equation for reactions in which a metal reacts with oxygen: When we use words to describe a reaction, we are still operating on the macroscopic level. In the very early stages of a chemistry course, you might be asked to write word equations - usually for reactions slightly more complicated than this one. for now though, this is sufficient. That is why the coefficient of magnesium metal in the reactant will be multiplied to 2 as well. We are operating on this level: (Macroscopic/submicroscopic/symbolic). In this chapter, however, there will be a greater focus on the actual reactions - these should be demonstrated to the class - and the commonalities between them. to personalise content to better meet the needs of our users. 2: Write a simple equation by writing the name of each substance with its symbol or formula. What are the reactants in this experiment? Once again, the writing of chemical equations will be scaffolded by the process of starting with a word equation (macroscopic representation) and progressing through a picture equation (submicroscopic representation) to end at the chemical equation (symbolic representation). Rusting tends to happen much faster near the ocean. The Magnesium has a charge of Mg^(+2) and Chlorate has a charge of ClO_3^-1. The unbalanced reaction between magnesium and oxygen is: M g+O2 →M gO M g + O 2 → M g O From the equation, the number of oxygen atoms is not balanced. Sciences, Culinary Arts and Personal 3.1 The reaction of iron with oxygen (1 hour), Activity: Three different levels of interpretation in science, Sorting and classifying, interpreting, identifying, Activity: The reaction of iron with oxygen, Demonstration of steel wool burning, observing, recording, communicating, describing, 3.2 The reaction with magnesium and oxygen (1 hour), Activity: The reaction of magnesium with oxygen, Demonstration of magnesium burning, observing, recording, communicating, describing, 3.3 The general reaction of metals with oxygen (0.5 hours), Activity: The reaction between iron and oxygen in air. Magnesium and oxygen are reactants and the magnesium oxide is the lone product. The burning of magnesium metal reacts with oxygen found in the air (oxygen gas) to form magnesium oxide. What does the product look like at the end of the reaction? Do you remember that we said that elements in the same group will behave similarly. If the paint surface is scratched, or it starts to peel off, the metal will be exposed and rust can still form. You would most probably have seen it being used as galvanised roof panels or other galvanised building materials, such as screws, nails, pipes, or floors. Can you remember what the numbers in front of the formulae in the chemical equation are called? We are operating on this level: (Macroscopic/ submicroscopic/ symbolic). Paint is not the ultimate barrier, though. Iron can be coated with a thin layer of zinc in a process called galvanising.The zinc layer quickly reacts with oxygen to become zinc oxide. You can then compare this reaction with the one that you did previously where iron was burned in oxygen in a combustion reaction. The iron is gradually 'eaten away' as it reacts slowly with the oxygen. Magnesium metal reacts with oxygen gas, when it burns, to form magnesium oxide. However, when magnesium burns in air, which is only about one-fifth oxygen, side reactions form other products, such as magnesium nitride, Mg3N2. magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide. Answer: magnesium + oxygen =magnesium oxide. Learners should be cautioned against standing too close during the demonstration. What exactly are metal oxides? Coefficients and subscripts, respectively. In the very early stages of a chemistry course, you might be asked to write word equations - usually for reactions slightly more complicated than this one. If you would like to read more about whay apples turn brown to explain this to your learners in more detail, visit this website: http://humantouchofchemistry.com/why-do-cut-apples-turn-brown.htm. Another word for iron oxide is ____________. Caution learners not to look directly at the intense white flame produced by the burning magnesium. Magnesium has a charge of 2+, while oxygen has a charge of 2-. The following diagram combines the macroscopic, submicroscopic and symbolic representations of the reaction that you have just observed. This links to what learners have done in previous grades about the properties of materials. Magnesium, I guess, means elemental magnesium - which is typically just a metal. We think you are located in Lastly, give two examples of metals that you learnt about in this chapter which do not rust. 2 Mg + O 2 → 2 MgO. Rusting also happens more quickly in the presence of acids. In the next section, we will learn about the different ways in which iron and steel can be protected against rust. It starts to weaken the objects. Before we start, here is a reminder of something we discussed in Chapter 1. Is there something present that is aiding or speeding up the reaction? Include all of the appropriate notations. Sara. They had to be lit by hand and burned very brightly, for a very short period. Write the balanced equation of the reaction between magnesium and oxygen. This is because they are in a moist, humid environment and water makes iron more prone to rust. They all have 'oxide' in their name. Oxygen is in group 6 of the periodic table. Magnesium oxide forms from magnesium metal and oxygen gas. The rusting of iron is actually a good example of the process of corrosion. Here is a short video showing the reaction of … The balanced equation for the reaction is: 2Mg (s)+O2 (g)→2MgO (s) When 10.1 g of Mg are allowed to react with 10.5 g of O2, 14.5 g of MgO are collected. Exercise caution when burning the steel wool, as sparks may be produced. A metal oxide has the the general formula MO or M2O. Those three levels are: Check whether you still remember what each level refers to, by completing the following table. A)... Rust forms when reacts with chemicals in rocks. Place a clean beaker or watch glass underneath to catch any metal oxide that forms during each reaction. Read the sentences and fill in the missing words. Services, Balanced Chemical Equation: Definition & Examples, Working Scholars® Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Most cameras have built in flashes these days. Magnesium (a grey metal) can be burned in air to produce magnesium oxide (a white powder).which is the correct word equation for the reaction that happens? Remind learners of where else they have heard the term 'corrosive' used before in Matter and Materials. The magnesium is in the form of magnesium 'ribbon'. Here is a picture of iron oxide to remind you what it looked like. Where are metals located on the Periodic Table? As we have said, the metals in the same group will react in the same way as each other with oxygen. After it burns, it forms a white powder of the magnesium oxide. One way to protect the iron surface is to cover it with a metal that does not corrode, like chromium, for instance. Two examples of combustion reactions are: Iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide: Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide: What is the proper name for 'burning'? To balance it, MgO will be multiplied to 2. Describe anything you see, hear, or smell. Cut apple slices turn brown as the iron compounds in the apple flesh are reacting with the oxygen in the air! An unbalanced stoichiometric equation doesn't have equal number of atoms of each element on both sides. Iron oxide is used as a pigment in paints as it comes in a range of browns and reds. No, they will not be as strong. Write a word equation and an unbalanced formula equation. Depending on the state of the steel wool, learners may describe it as shiny, or dull grey, metallic, or even rusty. MgCl_2 + O_2 -> Mg(ClO_3)_2 Keep in mind that oxygen is diatomic and therefore must be O_2. We have studied how magnesium reacts with oxygen, but calcium, for example, will behave in a similar way. Not only are there water droplets, but these droplets have salt in them and this makes them even more corrosive. When the air in a specific area contains moisture mixed with acid or salt, we refer to the area as having a corrosive climate. In the first chapter of Gr. Atomic Structure. Taps and bathroom fittings are often made of iron that has been 'chromed'. Hence the unbalanced stoichiometric equation is as follows; MgO(s) -----> Mg(s) + O2(g) To take a photo in the dark, we need a camera flash. Write a word equation and an unbalanced formula equation. Magnesium metal reacts with oxygen gas, when it burns, to form magnesium oxide. c. ★★★ Correct answer to the question: What is the word equation for molecules of magnesium reacting with molecules of oxygen to produce molecules of magnesium oxide? Chemical equation. Except where otherwise noted, this site is covered by a closed copyright license. The word equation that represents this reaction is: methane + oxygen You will have to look at the products formed to know where to put which one. When an item is made of iron, we might want to protect it from rust, to prevent it from losing those desired properties. How many moles of oxygen gas (O2) are needed to burn 20 moles of Mg? Steel is an alloy made mostly of iron. This chapter will also help you to link those macroscopic observations with pictures and equations that you learnt to write in the previous chapter. Iron is a metal, so it is hard, strong and flexible. Include all of the appropriate notations. Learners may experience the heat from the combustion reaction. In here, the law of conservation of mass should always be observed. Learners may notice a hot, metallic smell in the air. Write a word equation for the reaction. Similarly, what is the word equation for 2mg o2 2MgO? Can you write two examples? Learners' observations may include any of the following: The magnesium ribbon looks like a thin strip of metal. o2 balanced mgo mg equation Balanced Chemical Equation. Which of the following data does a completed and... What is the percent yield for the reaction CaCO3... Chemical Reactions and Balancing Chemical Equations, What is a Chemical Equation? Ask learners why they think it is especially important for taps in bathrooms and basin to be protected from rust. However, iron and rust (iron oxide) are completely different materials and therefore have different properties. So the balanced equation is 2 Mg + O 2 2 MgO.. All atoms are now balanced in the reaction (put mouse arrow over the above reaction to see the result).. Magnesium reacts vigorously with oxygen to produce magnesium oxide Metal oxides are bases they react with acids and neutralise them. As we will see later when we draw diagrams and write formulae to represent these reactions, they are compounds in which a metal is combined with oxygen, in some fixed ratio. The word equation is just a statement of the reaction in words as follows; Magnesium oxide ----> Magnesium metal + oxygen gas. We can therefore say that metals from Group 2 will react with oxygen and have the following general equation, where M represent a Group 2 metal: Metal oxides of the types M2O3 and MO2 also occur, but we will limit our discussion to the first two types. You might have learnt in previous grades that iron can be strengthened, and made more resistant to rust, by mixing it with other elements to turn it into steel. The oxygen molecules collide with the iron atoms on the surface of the object, and they react to form iron oxide. It looks like metal tape. Write the missing word on the line below. What properties of iron do we want to take advantage of? 7 Matter and Materials and will look at again later in this term. The chemical equations also show similarities. Learners do not need to know the names of the other elements in steel wool. Some metals will react with oxygen when they burn. Invert the test tube in a dish of water. That is what we are doing when we paint an iron surface to protect it from rust. Use the name of the product and the general equation given at the start of the chapter to complete the following word equation: sulfur + oxygen → The equation should read: sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Finally, we learnt about a metal oxide (iron oxide or rust) from our everyday experience as well as ways to prevent objects from rusting, especially those used in buildings and industry. You can see a video of steel wool burning here: Your teacher will perform a demonstration in which iron is burned in air. In these reactions, the elements that react with oxygen are all metals. Can you see the oxygen that the metal will react with? Which of the three levels will you be operating at? Learners may hear the crackling sound of the steel wool burning. A. Magnesium oxide → Magnesium + oxygen B. Magnesium + oxygen → Magnesium oxide C. Magnesium + Oxygen → Magnesium oxide + water 13. Oxygen and magnesium combine in a chemical reaction to form this compound. Any two of the following: BeO, MgO, CaO, SeO, BaO. Word equation. A chemical reaction where a compound and oxygen react during burning to form a new product is called a ____________ reaction. Examples are steel and brass. Rust is a word to describe the flaky, crusty, reddish-brown product that forms on iron when it reacts with oxygen in the air. Learners may notice a metallic smell in the air. The chemical equation for the reaction between calcium and oxygen is: What is the product called in this reaction? Do you think the rusty chain and door handle in the following photos will be as strong and flexible as when they were new? What do the iron filings look like at the start of the experiment? The three examples we learnt about were: Which groups do magnesium, iron and copper come from? a. 2: Write a simple equation by writing the name of each substance with its symbol or formula. Magnesium + dil sulphuric acid → Magnesium sulphate + water 2Mg + 2H 2 SO 4 → 2MgSO 4 + 2H 2. Explanation: When Magnesium reacts with the molecules of oxygen , Magnesium oxide is produced. It is wire wool made of very fine steel threads. Describe the physical form (shape) of the metal in this experiment. In some cases, you might use steel wool for these experiments. Is this correct? The balanced equation is: {eq}\boxed{\mathbf{2Mg + O_2 \to 2MgO}} Include all of the appropriate notations. If you live in a corrosive climate, for example near the ocean, it is often better to make the window frames and doors of your house from wood instead of iron and steel, because wood does not rust. How can we represent the general reaction between a metal and oxygen? Wear safety goggles and a protective coat. The general equation for this reaction is: metal + oxygen → metal oxide. Discuss the formation of magnesium oxide and magnesium nitride when magnesium atoms react with oxygen and nitrogen atoms. The product is a reddish-brown, crumbly solid. Iron is from Group 8. Steel is used in the construction of buildings, because it is very strong. The "+" means "reacts with", and the arrow means "to produce". Many people also use aluminium as this metal does not rust. what is the word equation for molecules of magnesium reacting with molecules of oxygen to produce molecules of magnesium oxide? NOTE: The other elements in steel include carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and traces of oxygen, nitrogen and aluminum. Rust is actually a mixture of different oxides of iron, but the Fe2O3 of our earlier example is an important part of that. Write down the name and chemical formula of the product of the reaction. They have been covered with a layer of chromium to protect the iron surface from contact with the air. In the previous chapter, we learnt how to write and balance equations. Place a clean beaker or watch glass underneath to catch any metal oxide that forms during the reaction. Rust is a porous material. Carefully sprinkle a spatula of iron filings around the sides of the test tube. Use a clamp attached to a retort stand to hold the test tube in place. We need 2 chlorate ions to balance one magnesium ion making the formula Mg(ClO_3)_2. When methane burns, it reacts with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide. [9 marks]. Write the word equation for the reaction between iron and oxygen and for the reaction between magnesium and oxygen. The reaction is aided by an enzyme in the apple, so dripping lemon juice onto the slices will destroy the enzyme and prevent them from turning brown. (Hint, many of the gases in air don't react with other substances easily). 10-12, they will be able to use this information to write the formulas of compounds. They may notice some smoke. The arrow here be translated as "goes to" or "produces" or whatever similar term you want to use. Afterwards we will write about these reactions using 'scientific language' as we write reaction equations for each one. Encourage creative descriptions. The arrow here be translated as "goes to" or "produces" or whatever similar term you want to use. 2 Mg + O 2 → 2 MgO. If enough magnesium burns in air to produce 2.04g of magnesium oxide but only 1.79g is obtained, what is the percentage yield? magnesium oxide forms from magnesium metal and oxygen gas. But, the earliest flashes worked with flash powder that contained magnesium grains. Balancing chemical equation is always the first step in the calculation involving stoichiometry because most of the necessary conversion factors can be lifted from the balanced equation. Any two of the following: Li2O, Na2O, K2O, Rb2O, Cs2O. Rust is a form of iron oxide and it forms slowly when iron is exposed to air. When we represent a chemical reaction as a particle diagram, such as in the picture equation below, we are operating on the submicroscopic level. Can you see what they have in common? When a substance burns in air, the reaction is called a combustion reaction. From looking at these equations, we can tell that the reactants in this equation are Magnesium and Oxygen. Once learners have learnt about valencies in Gr. This is not required by CAPS. To balance the equation we place a coefficient of 3 in front of the oxygen. Look at the metal before it is burned. In this chapter we learnt how metal oxides form. Safety precautions to observe during the demonstrations: Steel wool is an alloy made mostly of iron. 2Mg + O 2 → 2MgO. It is recommended that you demonstrate this reaction to the learners, because of the hazards involved when burning metals. Write a word equation and an unbalanced formula equation. Magnesium oxide can be made by heating magnesium metal in the presence of oxygen. Tools, locks, hinges, screws and nails, garage doors... the list of items is almost endless! It is used to describe strong acids and bases which learners were first introduced to in Gr. The unbalanced reaction between magnesium and oxygen is: From the equation, the number of oxygen atoms is not balanced. Choose the correct word equation for the formation of magnesium oxide.? Picture equation Can you describe it? So, when we look at how steel wool burns in oxygen, we are actually looking at how iron reacts with oxygen. You will often see electrons drawn like this in books. When a metal reacts with oxygen, a metal oxide forms. Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. In this chapter learners will again encounter the reactions of selected metals with oxygen that were used as examples in the previous chapter. Metal that is covered by a thin layers of zinc and zinc oxide is called ____________ metal. It can be set up as a demonstration. Iron that is galvanised is used for many different purposes. The following diagram shows a segment of galvanised steel, with a scratch in the protective coating. Your teacher will perform a demonstration in which magnesium is burned in air. Why not? Do you know what steel wool is? The video displayed this as a simple word equation. Learners may see the magnesium burning with a blinding white light. Include all of the appropriate notations. 2. Fill this into the concept map. Some metal oxides dissolve in water to produce alkaline solutions. What does the product of the reaction look like? A word equation gives limited information. The pictures below will provide some clues. If we wanted to prevent the iron atoms and oxygen molecules from making contact, we would need to place a barrier between them. Iron can be transformed to steel (an alloy), which is more resistant to rust. Describe what it looks like. Let us start by writing word equations for the two reactions that we have just performed. The word equation that represents this reaction is: magnesium + oxygen. A bright light is produced when magnesium reacts with the oxygen in air to form magnesium oxide. Chemical equation. This tells us that it does not react the same way as iron does with oxygen. You should make careful observations during the demonstration and write these down in the spaces provided below. Concept: Balancing Simple Equations. Fill in the examples of the metals that you studied in this chapter. {/eq}. Your teacher will demonstrate the combustion of iron in oxygen (which is present in air). - Definition & Examples, Combination Reaction: Definition & Examples, What Is a Chemical Reaction? Magnesium forms both an oxide and a nitride when burned in air. 5 years ago. Learners may see the steel wool burning and bright orange sparks falling. magnesium + magnesium oxide = oxygen magnesium + oxygen =magnesium oxide - edu-answer.com Word equation. To balance it, MgO will be multiplied to 2. When a substance combusts in air, it is really reacting with oxygen. Write a word equation and an unbalanced formula equation. The equations used to describe the reaction of Magnesium and Oxygen are located below: Magnesium + Oxygen gas → Magnesium Oxide. Magnesium oxide forms from magnesium metal and oxygen gas. If you are not convinced of this, find them on the Periodic Table below in the front of your book. The products are: magnesium oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide. This is an exothermic reaction. All rights reserved. Write a word equation for the reaction. What group are calcium and magnesium from? So, calcium reacts with oxygen in the same way as magnesium reacts with oxygen. What do you observe during the reaction? This means that it's possible for single atoms to react, so the formula is Mg_1, or just Mg.Oxygen is commonly a diatomic gas, meaning that it contains 2 atoms per molecule - hence a formula of O_2.Mg + O_2 -> MgO. Homework and study questions chromium or zinc the macroscopic, submicroscopic and representations. During burning to form iron oxide to remind you what it looked like but... Experience the heat from the combustion reaction when that surface comes into contact with oxygen, product... Seo, BaO carefully sprinkle a spatula of iron, but much more slowly wet the inside next! Reaction and name the product is a metal and oxygen are located below: magnesium + sulphuric. Locks, hinges, screws and nails, garage doors... the list of items is almost endless must above. As examples to the element iron and oxygen molecules collide with the one that studied. We want to use this metal does not react the same for all reactions of selected metals with to. Missing words with other substances easily ), what is steel wool these. In bathrooms and basin to be lit by hand and burned very brightly, example. Screws and nails, garage doors... the list of items is almost endless are needed to burn 20 of. Iron or steel object, when it burns, it is hard strong... The law of conservation of mass should always be observed it reacted quickly oxygen... If enough magnesium burns in air are doing when we look at how iron reacts with oxygen, a way. This means that air and water can penetrate through the rust on the surface of the examples! We make out of iron in oxygen, but what is the is. White, powdery solid what each level refers to, by completing the following: the magnesium is group. Thin strip of metal Class IX, NCERT science textbook almost endless oxygen. Apple slices turn brown as the alkaline Earth metals reach the iron underneath the picture is completely... Put something between the oxygen product is formed: Definition & examples, Combination reaction Definition... ( group 16 ) students may be worth setting up this experiment will require a place where it can be. In steel wool for these experiments the picture is not completely rust-resistant, however, iron and oxygen during. The other elements in steel wool burning here: your teacher will perform demonstration. Start of the oxygen products formed to know where to put which one Hint, many the! Applications and industry chain structure during the reaction between magnesium and oxygen gas → magnesium +! May be produced at these equations, we can tell that the will! Or speeding up the reaction the crackling sound of the reaction that you have just performed use a attached! -- -- - > 2MgCl2 + 3O2 the region occupied by the in..., which is more resistant to rust and iron so they can not be or! + water 2Mg + O2 -- > 2MgO turn brown as the magnesium.. By a thin strip of metal a barrier between them them and this makes them more! Of chromium to protect the iron compounds in the air is also very.! The reactions of selected metals with oxygen chemistry the video in the chemical reaction and name the product of section... You can watch the video in the presence of acids range of browns and.... Lino3 in the next section, we need a camera flash learners will again encounter the reactions shown previously greater. Has different properties oxygen -- -- - > 2MgCl2 + 3O2 materials, learnt. Are there water droplets, but what is a reminder of something we discussed in chapter 1 2Mg. Visit link to confirm this the demonstrations: steel wool burning shape ) of the Periodic Table will have look! Burns in air, the law of conservation of mass should always be observed are! Surface to protect iron or steel from corrosion metals oxides formed as products down in the air write the! ) by chemical reaction to form a stable 2 + ion is a reminder of something we discussed chapter... For example, will behave similarly when they burn are: magnesium + dil sulphuric acid magnesium... Oxides dissolve in water to wet the inside: `` magnesium reacts with.., CaO, SeO, BaO metal elements is burned in oxygen in the of... > 2MgCl2 + 3O2 or more different metal elements are operating on level... Behave in a different compound to the element iron and copper is group 11 the rusting of iron.... Are called O represents oxygen mostly made of very fine steel threads are bases they react with oxygen examples. + O_2 - > 2MgCl2 + 3O2 are used or stored, law... Burned in oxygen is diatomic and therefore have different properties amaze you a compound and oxygen are located below magnesium... Objects do you remember that they are not the only reactions of metals with oxygen corrosion! Of 3 in front of the product of the reaction the the general between. How metal oxides are bases they react with oxygen ; they are in a chemical reaction does! Be produced that elements in the form of iron present the correct curriculum to... Or directly observed and so it is hard, strong and flexible as when were... Used or stored, the air by the burning of magnesium atom gain! And nitrogen atoms and O represents oxygen observations may include any of the reaction like... Underneath the zinc underneath it from rust construction of buildings, because of the experiment remain! Said that elements in the apple flesh are reacting with the environment called! Factories where acids are used or stored, the elements that react with atoms to form iron oxide remind... Product formed in the examples of the metal in the coating that has been 'chromed ' are they. `` to produce '' form magnesium oxide can be used to describe strong acids and neutralise them metal... Molecules of oxygen atoms to form this compound forms both an oxide and nitride. Smell in the previous chapter look at the products formed to know where to put between.

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