In general, melting is a phase change of a substance from the solid to the liquid phase. In chemical terms, all of the alkaline earth metals react with the halogens to form the alkaline earth metal halides, all of which are ionic crystalline compounds (except for beryllium chloride, which is … The melting points of the alkali metals as a group are lower than those of any other nongaseous group of the periodic table, ranging between 179 °C (354 °F) for lithium and 28.5 °C (83.3 °F) for cesium. Chemical Properties of Alkaline Earth Metals The key features of the compounds of alkaline earth metals and their general characteristics are discussed in this subsection. The alkaline earth metals are all silver-colored and soft, and have relatively low densities, melting points, and boiling points. Melting and Boiling Points. The alkaline earth metals have higher melting and boiling points as compared to those of alkali metals which is attributed to their small size and more close packed crystal lattice as compared to alkali metals and presence of two valence electrons. The elements belonging to the group 1 and 2 in the modern periodic table are called s-block elements. Among the metallic elements, only mercury has a lower melting point (−38.9 °C, or −38.02 °F) than cesium. It melts at 2,348.6 ° F (1,287 ° C), and boils at 4,789.8 ° F (2,471 ° C). The highlighted elements of this periodic table belong to the alkaline earth element family. Several physical properties of these elements are compared in Table \(\PageIndex{2}\). Group II (alkaline earth) metals have a higher density because they have more protons and neutrons and they have smaller atomic radius. Examples include calcium and magnesium. (b) Melting and boiling point : The fairly higher melting and boiling points of the alkaline earth metal compared to these of the corresponding alkali metal are attributed to their smaller sizes and two valence … But their melting and boiling points are higher than corresponding alkali metals in the same period due to comparatively smaller size. The highest melting and boiling points are for beryllium, which indeed has the lowest atomic number. The alkaline earth metals have higher melting and boiling points as compared to those of alkali metals mainly attributed to their small size and more closely packed crystal lattice as compared to alkali metals and presence of two valence electrons. In this unit, we study their properties, uses, important compounds and biological importance. Todd Helmenstine. The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which this phase change occurs. Melting and boiling points of alkaline earth metals Alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) have low melting and boiling points when compared with d block metals. Melting Point of Chemical Elements. The low melting points … Adding a heat will … Order: Ca < Mg < Be < Sr < Ba. The elements belonging to these two groups are commonly known as alkali and alkaline earth metals respectively. Alkaline-Earth Metals Harder, Denser, Stronger than the alkali metals, with higher melting points. The alkaline earth metals are therefore less reactive than the alkali metals (Be and Mg are the least reactive of the alkaline earth metals). The melting point also defines a condition in which the solid and liquid can exist in equilibrium. The first ionization energies (\(I_1\)) of the alkaline earth metals are not as low as the alkali metals. Soft and Shiny; reacts violently with water; can be cut with a butter knife; never found uncombined with other elements. 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